Macroporous Bead Cellulose MT

Gel filtration media for biomolecule separations | General informations

On this page:

 ↓  Features.
 ↓  Mechanical stabiliy.
 ↓  Total pore volume.
 ↓  Size exclusion limits.
 ↓  Other technical data.

Macroporous bead cellulose has a hydrophilic matrix and spherical particles. It is produced in several porosity types, marked MT 50, MT 100, MT 200, MT 500 and various particle size. Macroporous Bead Cellulose MT is a highly porous regenerated cellulose with heterogenous matrix (partially microcrystalline) and with polymer structure stabilized by hydrogen bonds only - there are no covalent cross-linkings.

By their pressure stability Macroporous Bead Cellulose MT belongs to the category of swollen semi-rigid gels for low-pressure chromatography. The gels are characterized by excellent mechanical properties.

Features

  • Excellent mechanical stability even at gel with large pores. Easy to handle. Resistant to destruction and generation of fine particles during stirring.
  • Rigid spherical particles. High flow throughput the gels at a low drop in pressure.
  • Narrow particle size distribution in several degrees converting all ranges common for this sort of gel.
  • High chemical resistance and compatibility with most commonly used solvents and buffers. Applicability in wide range of pH and salt concentrations with minimal changes (swelling / shrinking) in the gel bed.
  • High temperature stability allows sterilization by autoclaving.
  • High hydrophility. A number of free hydroxy groups in matrix allows preparation of derivatives or enzyme immobilization.
  • High porosity of matrix allows good capacity and recovery.
  • High selectivity of separation.
  • Easy-to-ready. Gels are supplied pre-swollen.

Mechanical stability

Values of pure Bead Cellulose only (non-magnetic and non-derivated)

Flow characteristics of Macroporous Bead Cellulose MT
TypesClick on image
for enlarge a graph.
Particle Size
[μm]
Flow Performance
for destiled water at 20°C
[ml cm-2 hod-1 bar-1 m-1]

MT 50

fpmt50 30 - 50 85
50 - 100 270
100 - 250 > 500

MT 100

fpmt100 30 - 50 20
50 - 80 170
80 - 100 300
100 - 250 600

MT 200

fpmt200 50 - 80 130
80 - 100 220
100 - 250 450

MT 500

fpmt500 50 - 80 45
80 - 100 80
100 - 250 250


Other graphs of flow characteristics to compare
TypesClick on image
for enlarge a graph
Particle size
[µm]
Other description
MT 100, MT 200, MT 500 mt-flow.gif 50 - 100 Gel bed 1x60 cm
MT 100, 200, 500, Agarose gel, Japan Cellulose 2000. fp6 50 - 100 Column: 10 x 660 mm;
Eluent: buffer phosphate 0.2 M, pH = 7;
Packing Pressure: 1 bar
MT 50, Japan Cellulose 90, 300, 1000, Dextran gel 1000 fp7 50 - 100 Column: 10 x 660 mm
Eluent: destilled water


Optimum pressure (at which maximum of efficiently is reached) in column during packing with Bead Cellulose MT
TypesPressure
[bar]
MT 50 > 2.0
MT 100 1.5 - 2.0
MT 200 1.2 - 1.5
MT 500 0.8 - 1.2


Maximum flow and pressure throughput for Macroporous Bead Cellulose MT at which column is stabill not blocked
TypesFlow Rate Pressure
[bar]
linear
[cm hr-1]
volumetric
for bead size range 50-80 µm and gel-bed 1x60 cm
[ml min-1]
MT 50 > 760 > 9.9 > 4.0
MT 100 750 9.0 2.2 - 2.7
MT 200 450 6.0 1.5 - 2.0
MT 500 115 1.5 1.0 - 1.5

Total pore volume

Values of pure Bead Cellulose only (non-magnetic and non-derivated)

The pore volume determined as W.R.
PorozityTotal Pore Volume Dry
[cm3 g-1]
Total Pore Volume Sucked
[cm3 g-1]
MT 50 1.3 0.57
MT 100 5.8 0.85
200 8.0 0.89
300 9.2 0.90
500 11.5 0.92

Average values of Total Pore Volume for various porozities of Macroporous Bead Cellulose MT
beadwr.jpg, 41 kB
Porosity of Bead Cellulose MT materials in water-swollen state as obtained by inverse steric exclusion chromatography (ISEC)
TypesNet volume of water-swollen beads
[cm3 g-1]
Does not include the interstitial spaces.
Medium pore diameter
[nm]
MT 50 1.65 7.4
MT 100 4.86 27
MT 200 6.71 32
MT 300 7.32 38
MT 500 7.43 38

These resutls in this table were measured by:
Ing. Karel Jeřábek, Ph.D.
Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals
Rozvojová 135
165 02 Prague 6
Czech Republic


Size exclusion limits

Values of pure Bead Cellulose only (non-magnetic and non-derivated)

Macroporous Bead Cellulose MT types are highly porous gels well accessible for large macromolecules, as it is shown in these Figures.

Selectivity curves of Macroporous Bead Cellulose MT types Kav vs. Molecular Weight of globular proteins in semilogarithmic scale
beadh7.gif, 7 kB


Elution behavior of globular protein on Macroporous Bead Cellulose MT, dependence of distribution coefficient Kav on Molecular Weight. Eluent: buffer 0.2 M phosphate pH 7.0
Protein M. W.Kav
[g mol-1]MT 50MT 100MT 200MT 500
Blue Dextran 2 000 000 0 0 0.01 0.02
IgM 1 000 000 0 0.10 0.22 0.36
Thyroglobulin 660 000 0.01 0.20 0.40 0.50
Ferritin
Eluent: buffer 0.013 M phosphate pH 7.0
440 000 0.01 0.35 0.57 0.65
Catalase
Eluent: buffer 0.013 M phosphate pH 7.0
238 000 0.01 0.47 0.74 0.78
Aldolase 158 000 0.02 0.55 0.78 0.81
GLS 135 000 0.05 0.58 0.80 0.82
Bovine Serum Albumin 66 000 0.19 0.70 0.88 0.87
Ovalbumin 44 000 0.30 0.75 0.88 0.88
Chymotrypsinogen A 25 000 0.44 0.81 0.89 0.90
Myoglobulin 18 000 0.50 0.83 0.90 0.91
Ribonuclease 13 500 0.55 0.85 0.90 0.92
Cytochrome C 12 400 0.57 0.86 0.91 0.92
Bacitracin 1 420 0.71 0.89 0.92 0.95
L-Histidin 152 0.72 0.90 0.93 0.96
Alanine 89 0.73 0.91 0.94 0.97

Selectivity curves of Macroporous Bead Cellulose MT types Kav vs. Molecular Weight of Dextran in semilogarithmic scale
beadh8.gif, 8 kB
Elution behavior of Dextran on Macroporous Bead Cellulose MT
dependence of distribution coefficient Kav on Molecular Weight
DEXTRAN
Molecular Weight
Kav
MT 50MT 100MT 200MT 300MT 500
1 500 0.45 0.94 0.93 0.99 0.99
6 000 0.18 0.79 0.81 0.98 0.98
10 000 0.01 0.72 0.75 0.84 0.83
17 500 0 0.62 0.67 0.76 0.76
40 000 0 0.45 0.52 0.63 0.62
70 000 0 0.31 0.39 0.51 0.50
110 000 0 0.20 0.28 0.41 0.39
196 300 0 0.07 0.15 0.26 0.25
400 000 0 0 0.03 0.09 0.08
2 000 000 0 0 0 0 0

It is necessary to mention that the pore volume accessible to a given molecule is determined by its size (weight) and the pore size distribution of packing and can be defined by the following formula:

vzorec.gif, 1 kB

where Kav is the distribution coefficient (the factor of pore volume available for a given molecule), Ve is elution (retention) volume, Vo is void (interstitial) volume and Vt is total column volume.

Selectivity parameters of Macroporous Bead Cellulose MT
TypesBed Volume [ml g-1 dry]Exclusion LimitFractionation Range
MW dextransMW proteins,  g mol-1MW proteins,  g mol-1
MT 50 3 - 5 50 000 1 x 105 20 000 - 70 000
MT 100 9 - 11 100 000 2 x 106 30 000 - 1 000 000
MT 200 13 - 16 200 000 4 x 106 200 000 - 2 000 000
MT 500 18 - 21 500 000 5 x 106 300 000 - 4 000 000

Other technical data

Values of pure Bead Cellulose only (non-magnetic and non-derivated)

Temperature Resistance: in wet state, pH 7.0, for 1 hour: 120°C
Stability within pH Range: 1 - 14, NaOH or HCl (c = 1 mol l-1)
Stability in Salt Solutions: with ionic strength up to 10 mol l-1
Swelling / Shrinkage (vol %): with changes in pH, salt concentration (over the whole range of pH anionic strength): 1 max.
with replacing of aqueous solutions by polar organic solvents: 10 max.
Chemical Resistance: aqueous solutions, buffer, organics, detergents and chaotropic agents (including SDS, 8 M urea)

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 ↑  Features.
 ↑  Mechanical stabiliy.
 ↑  Total pore volume.
 ↑  Size exclusion limits.
 ↑  Other technical data.